“Mack the Knife” originated in a 1928 German play, The Threepenny Opera (Die Dreigroschenoper), by Bertolt Brecht and Kurt Weill, serving as a “murder ballad” for the gangster anti-hero Macheath (Mackie Messer). The song’s history traces back to the 18th-century play The Beggar’s Opera by John Gay, which featured a highwayman character and critiqued corruption. In the 20th century, Louis Armstrong and Bobby Darin brought the song to prominence with popular jazz and pop versions in the late 1950s, solidifying its place in mainstream culture.